The Anti-Acne and Reduction of Hyperpigmentation Effects of Products Containing Retinol, Niacinamide, Ceramides, and Dipotassium Glycyrrhizinate in Chinese Women

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent multifactorial dermatological condition characterized by hyperkeratinization of sebaceous follicles, often leading to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Acne imposes substantial social, psychological, and physical burdens on affected individuals. The complex pathophysiology of acne, involving excessive sebum production,…








