Psoriasis, a chronic and immune-mediated skin disorder affecting millions worldwide, is driven by a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and immune factors. The IL-17/IL-23 axis plays a central role in the disease’s pathogenesis, making it a critical target for therapeutic interventions. Conventional treatments often come with limitations, paving the way for natural alternatives.
This study explores the therapeutic potential of Piper betle gel in a preclinical model of Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
Methods
The study involved 30 Wistar rats, which were divided into five groups to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Piper betle gel. Rats in the control group received a neutral base cream, while the positive control group, with IMQ-induced psoriatic lesions, was treated with vehicle gel. Two test groups were treated with Piper betle extract gel at doses of 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively. A standard group received oral Cyclosporine (3 mg/kg/day) for comparison. Treatments were applied topically for seven days, with the progression of skin conditions documented through photographs.
Key Findings
- Symptom Reduction: The higher dose of Piper betle gel (400 mg/kg/day) achieved ~70% inhibition of psoriatic symptoms, outperforming Cyclosporine (~65%).
- Mechanistic Insights: The gel significantly reduced redness, scaling, and skin thickness by modulating inflammatory pathways and oxidative stress.
- Statistical Evidence: One-Way ANOVA and Dunnett’s test confirmed significant improvements in treatment groups compared to controls (p < 0.05).
- Bioactive Efficacy: Flavonoids, alkaloids, and polyphenols in Piper betle contributed to its therapeutic effects.
Optimizing Piper betle gel could enhance its physical properties—such as texture, viscosity, and stability—ensuring better patient adherence and consistent efficacy. The gel’s potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties could reduce psoriasis symptoms and improve skin health, as evidenced by improvements in PASI scores. Its safety profile and ease of application make it an attractive option for patients seeking natural alternatives.
With further research and large-scale clinical trials, Piper betle gel may expand its applications beyond psoriasis to other inflammatory skin conditions, such as eczema and dermatitis. These advancements could lead to its commercial development, establishing it as a significant contribution to phytotherapy in dermatology.
Link to the study: https://tinyurl.com/vf2pk3y2
