Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a primary driver of skin aging, causing the oxidation and cleavage of collagen that maintains skin structure. Mitochondrial dysfunction in senescent cells creates a detrimental cycle where electron leakage generates excessive ROS, further damaging cellular…
Hot showers and warm hand washes are part of daily comfort. Heat relaxes muscles, improves circulation, and feels cleansing. But from a biological perspective, skin does not interpret high temperatures as comfort, it reads them as stress. While obvious burns are easy to recognize, most…
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition characterized by persistent itching, xerosis (dryness), and epidermal barrier dysfunction. It affects approximately 10–20% of children and 5–8% of adults, often leading to disrupted sleep and a significant reduction in…
Surfactants are essential components in cosmetic and cleaning formulations due to their ability to stabilize emulsions and generate foam. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a widely used anionic surfactant valued for its high cleaning power and foaming capacity; however, it…
Skin wound healing is a sophisticated biological process involving four overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. While traditional pharmacological approaches utilize growth factors and cytokines, they are often limited by high costs, potential adverse effects, and low efficacy, necessitating…
The regulation of hair growth is a complex process primarily governed by the health and activity of Human Dermal Papilla Cells (HDPCs), which can be negatively impacted by inflammation and the inhibition of growth pathways. To address these issues, yeast…
In contemporary society, there is a burgeoning demand for cosmetics that are both safe and highly effective, leading to a mainstream trend of developing innovative functional products. Traditional Chinese herbal medicine has provided a rich source of bioactive monomers that…
The Myth of One-Type Skin Facial skin is often discussed as if it behaves as a single, uniform surface. Dry, oily, sensitive, or combination are treated as fixed categories, applied across the entire face. Biologically, this assumption does not hold. …
The primary challenge in topical skin care is overcoming the stratum corneum, the skin’s outermost layer, which acts as a tightly packed lipid barrier preventing the deep penetration of active molecules. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a potent polypeptide for…
The human skin is constantly subjected to environmental stressors, such as ultraviolet radiation, leading to an unavoidable decline in biological function known as aging. A primary driver of this process is the degenerative change in tissue-specific stem cells, including the…