Signs of aging are often first visible around the eyes, manifesting as dark circles, puffiness, and crow’s feet due to thinning skin, oxidative stress, and compromised microcirculation. Traditional rejuvenation treatments like surgery and injectables are effective but invasive, prompting interest…
Demodex mites, while widely present on healthy individuals, are among the most prevalent human parasites. An overpopulation of these arachnid residents of human skin can trigger demodicosis, a disease that is neglected yet widely prevalent and associated with considerable skin…
We apply creams, gels, ointments, and serums every day, but what exactly makes something a topical product? A topical is any formulation designed to be applied directly to the surface of the body, usually the skin to deliver active ingredients…
The market for cosmetic products, particularly skin care items like lighteners and treatments for hyperpigmentation, is experiencing rapid growth. A significant aspect of this demand is for skin whitening, which requires restricting the body’s melanin production. Melanin synthesis is primarily…
Skin aging is a complex process influenced by both internal factors like genetics and external factors such as UV radiation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, leading to visible signs like wrinkles, fine lines, loss of elasticity, and sagging. A…
Skin ageing is a multifaceted biological process influenced by both intrinsic factors like genetic programming (chronological ageing) and extrinsic factors such as environmental pollution, UV radiation, and lifestyle habits (biological ageing). These factors contribute to cellular damage, oxidative stress, and…