The widespread use of chemical sunscreens is driven by their ability to protect skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation; however, they often offer limited sun protection factor (SPF) and insufficient coverage for broad-spectrum UV radiations, particularly UVA1 (340–400 nm). Additionally, chemical…
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a critical protein for skin health, promoting collagen synthesis, wound healing, and anti-aging through the stimulation of cell proliferation. However, its topical application is significantly hindered by its hydrophilic nature and large molecular size, which…
Stem cells have become central to modern regenerative medicine and dermatology due to their unique abilities to self-renew and differentiate into diverse specialized cell types. However, the use of certain stem cell types can be hindered by ethical concerns, while…
The escalating prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in skin bacteria, particularly Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, has become a significant global clinical concern due to the widespread use of antibiotics in treating acne vulgaris. While high resistance rates are well-documented…
The global healthcare system faces a critical challenge due to the rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the emergence of “superbugs” that evade conventional synthetic antibiotics. If left unaddressed, AMR is projected to cause approximately 10 million deaths annually…
Plant-derived essential oils are increasingly recognized for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzyme-inhibitory activities, making them valuable for cosmetic and dermatological applications. Specifically, the essential oil from Hedychium coronarium (white ginger lily) contains monoterpenoids like eucalyptol, which are effective against enzymes…
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that significantly impacts the psychosocial well-being of adolescents and adults globally. While multifactorial, its development is driven by the hyperproliferation of bacteria, most notably Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. However,…
Glycolic acid (GA) is a premier alpha-hydroxy acid used in cosmetics for exfoliation and collagen synthesis stimulation; however, its effectiveness is hindered by its hydrophilic nature, which restricts penetration through the lipophilic stratum corneum. Furthermore, clinical use of GA often…
Aging is a natural biological process that has become a significant global health concern, particularly in tropical regions like Indonesia where high ultraviolet (UV) radiation accelerates skin aging through DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. While synthetic anti-aging agents like retinoids…
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by eczematous lesions and intense itching, which imposes a significant physical, psychological, and economic burden on patients and their caregivers. While mild cases are typically managed with topical treatments and…